• ATP is essential for maintaining the ionic balance of the

  2022-01-14

  

  ATP is essential for maintaining the ionic balance of the lens (Michael and Bron, 2011). Without sufficient ATP there is an ionic imbalance due to Na+K+ATPase dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that rabbit lenses incubated ex vivo without glucose rapidly lost ATP in their lens epithelium and f

• The effects of GHS R a blockade on alcohol related

  2022-01-13

  

  The effects of GHS-R1a blockade on alcohol-related outcomes have been examined in numerous preclinical experiments, utilizing various GHS-R1a antagonists (JMV 2959, [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, BIM 28163) and rodent species (prairie vole, mouse, rat). In spite of methodological differences, the results consiste

• br Material and methods br Results br

  2022-01-13

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we attempted to unravel the mechanism underlying the statin-mediated inhibition of FGFR3 signaling in chondrocytes, reported earlier by Yamashita and colleagues. We evaluated the role of statins in four different experimental sys

• MicroRNAs miRNAs are endogenous small RNA molecules nucleoti

  2022-01-13

  

  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNA molecules 20–25 nucleotides in length; they regulate multiple genes by binding to target mRNAs, thereby controlling the stability and translation of protein coding mRNAs (Esteller, 2011, Guo et al., 2010). It has been established that CGP 57380 of the inn

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments

  2022-01-13

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Professor Chen Rui (Southeast University, China) for providing plasmid P1P2N-HIF1. This study was supported by research grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573189, 81730087). Introduction The consumption of large amounts

• The site of metastasis in breast cancer often

  2022-01-13

  

  The site of metastasis in breast cancer often contributes to the patient’s OS. Patients with bone metastasis from their breast cancer often have a notably increased survival over patients with visceral or FRAX486 metastasis. In this analysis, ER+/HER2+ patients were noted to have a higher rate of b

• Acknowledgement This work was supported

  2022-01-13

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81802749), Shenzhen Healthcare Research Project (No.SZBC2017029), the Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen (JCYJ20170412155231633, JSGG20170414104216477), National Key Research and D

• The diversity of biological properties and interactions of

  2022-01-13

  

  The AKT inhibitor VIII of biological properties and interactions of GSK-3 have been reviewed recently (, , , , ). The interactions of GSK-3 in the signaling pathways induced by nutraceuticals is covered in the review by ) in this special issue of . GSK-3 is a frequent target of many nutraceuticals

• Modulation of the cannabinoid system

  2022-01-13

  

  Modulation of the cannabinoid system has been reported to exert anti-parkinsonian properties through different mechanisms. On one hand, cannabinoids have neuroprotective properties in different rodent models of PD, both through a CB1/CB2 receptor-independent mechanism (Lastres-Becker et al., 2005) a

• br Animal models of NASH The human

  2022-01-13

  

  Animal models of NASH The human NAS system (see above) is largely reproducible in NAFLD mouse models [37] and, therefore, has been increasingly applied in the preclinical assessment of liver histological responses to test compounds. In general, the NAS system is well suited for this purpose, alth

• Tenofovir FSH and LH are glycoprotein dimers that are compri

  2022-01-13

  

  FSH and LH, are glycoprotein dimers that are comprised of two subunits, a common α-subunit (αGSU) and a distinct β-subunit (FSHβ or LHβ, respectively), which determines the biological specificity of the gonadotropins (Ciccone and Kaiser, 2009, Gharib et al., 1990). The Tenofovir of the gonadotropin

• br Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the

  2022-01-13

  

  Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the presence of a low-grade, subclinical smoldering inflammatory response [1]. Several inflammatory markers, among them high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [2], the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [3], fibrinogen concentrations [4], int

• The typical pharmacophore for GPR agonists contains four

  2022-01-13

  

  The typical pharmacophore for GPR40 agonists contains four parts: head (acid moiety), central (phenyl ring), linker and tail (aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring) [20]. On the other hand, the chemical features that are required for the PPARγ agonists include hydrogen bond donors and acceptors

• It was recently reported that aged

  2022-01-12

  

  It was recently reported that aged GHSR−/− mice, in addition to showing alterations in meal pattern microstructure, exhibit NPY and AgRP mRNA upregulation in the ARC [56]. After an overnight fast, our animals exhibited a similar pattern of upregulated NPY and AgRP mRNA expression. Given that GHSR1a

• br Conflict of interest br Transparency document

  2022-01-12

  

  Conflict of interest Transparency document Acknowledgements We acknowledge our funding sources from the American Heart Association (13EIA4480016) and the National Institute of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RO1 HL094414). We are very grateful to Dr. Shaohua Xiao and Dr. S

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