• introduce br Conclusions br Introduction G protein coupled r

  2022-06-21

  

  Conclusions Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) share common structural motifs, including seven transmembrane helices, and the ability to activate heterotrimeric G proteins such as Gs, Gi, Gq and G12/13. A variety of GPR cellular functions are mediated by second messengers such as

• In response to oxidative stress in

  2022-06-21

  

  In response to oxidative stress in DM, antioxidant defence systems are activated in β-cells. Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most abundant antioxidants and has been shown to be expressed at lower concentrations in patients with DM [12], [13]. Furthermore, plasma levels of glycine, which is a synthet

• br Materials animals and methods br Results br Discussion Th

  2022-06-21

  

  Materials, animals and methods Results Discussion This study presents mice with a missense point mutation in R258 of FFAR1 that has functional consequences. Firstly, in islets of Ffar1R258W/R258W mice, both the physiological agonist palmitate and the synthetic agonist TUG-469 were unable to

• Nuclear export of GK has been reported to

  2022-06-21

  

  Nuclear export of GK has been reported to be dependent on a GK nuclear export signal (NES), mapped to residues 300–310 (Shiota et al., 1999). The assignment of a nuclear export signal common to both the liver and pancreatic GK isoform sequence suggests a possible reversible translocation of GK acros

• Glucagon regulates the transition from hepatic glucose utili

  2022-06-21

  

  Glucagon regulates the transition from hepatic glucose utilisation in the absorptive state to glucagon production in the post-absorptive state by acute stimulation of glycogenolysis and inhibition of glycolysis [1]. An important component of this response is the phosphorylation of liver PFK2/FBPase2

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by the NIH R

  2022-06-21

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by the NIH (R01DK103884 to JMZ, R01DK100659 to JKE, and F32DK104659 and K01DK111644 to CMC), the Diana and Richard C. Strauss Professorship in Biomedical Research, the Mr. and Mrs. Bruce G. Brookshire Professorship in Medicine, the Kent and Jodi Foster Dist

• During the course of the

  2022-06-21

  

  During the course of the development of aminothiazole-derived small molecule GSMs, SGSM-36 (Fig. 1A) was discovered and exhibited good activity for suppressing the production of Aβ42 (Aβ42 IC50=63nM) (Rynearson et al., 2016; Wagner et al., 2014). In addition, SGSM-36 exhibited improved physicochemic

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2022-06-21

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Notes Declaration of interest statement Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21775132, 21505112), Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Departm

• br Medium to long chain fatty acids Medium to

  2022-06-21

  

  Medium- to long-chain fatty acids Medium- to long-chain fatty acids impart a wide range of physiological effects. Medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids have 6–12 carbons and >12 carbons, respectively. As the energy source, these fatty acids are supplied primarily by food intake, biosynthesis, a

• Interestingly we have shown that OA required FFAR to induce

  2022-06-21

  

  Interestingly, we have shown that OA required FFAR4 to induce osteoblast gene expression in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts, but not to inhibit osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. As previously suggested, FFAR1 may mediate the effects of OA in osteoclasts. However, FFAR1 has also been shown

• Piroxicam belongs to the oxicam family

  2022-06-21

  

  Piroxicam belongs to the oxicam family of NSAIDs and a special attention has been drawn to this drug because of its multifunctional potential [5], [27], [28]. Chemically, piroxicam (4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyrimidyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxyamide) is an enolic Methylcobalamin with a size compar

• Attractively existing reports suggest that cellular ferropto

  2022-06-21

  

  Attractively, existing reports suggest that cellular ferroptosis also probably plays vital role in liver fibrosis [[62], [63], [64]]. Carlson BA et al. illuminated that the ferroptosis regulator GPX4 was important for hepatocyte survival and proper liver function [62]. Sun X et al. showed that Nrf2

• In addition to removing proteins and organelles related to

  2022-06-21

  

  In addition to removing proteins and organelles related to iron and lipid metabolism, an alternative mechanism by which autophagy promotes ferroptosis is through the formation of the BECN1-solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) complex [42,43]. SLC7A11 is the main component of the antiporter sy

• Several other assay parameters were

  2022-06-21

  

  Several other assay parameters were also explored. First, the thermal dependence of the assay was investigated by measuring the specific activity at different temperatures (Fig. 7). That data show that enzymatic activity increases with increasing temperature. Interestingly, the observed rate increas

• There has been conflicting evidence on

  2022-06-21

  

  There has been conflicting evidence on the possible receptor mechanisms that mediate the neuro-immuno-modulatory effects of FAAH substrates. Evidence from in vitro studies indicates that AEA-mediated modulation of TLR4-induced neuroinflammation may be mediated by CB1/CB2 receptor dependent (Correa

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