• How does the ATM to ATR switch occur at DSBs

  2024-10-31

  

  How does the ATM-to-ATR switch occur at DSBs? The progressive attenuation of ATM activation could be attributed to the loss of DNA structures that activate ATM, or to the generation of DNA structures that interfere with ATM activation. Our finding that SSOs do not directly affect the binding of puri

• Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant decreases

  2024-10-30

  

  Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant decreases in L-arginine levels can also impair T cell mediated immune function and allow tumor growth by limiting the supply of L-arginine needed for the formation of cytotoxic levels of NO by iNOS [10]. Increased arginase expression/activity may also lim

• NOS is classified into three isoforms endothelial eNOS neuro

  2024-10-30

  

  NOS is classified into three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), iNOS is expressed in macrophages (Eisenstein, Huang, Meissler Jr, & al-Ramadi, 1994) and osteoblast-like cells (Riancho et al., 1995) and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions (Eisenst

• To elucidate this relationship we developed

  2024-10-30

  

  To elucidate this relationship, we developed a spatial model of Ca-influx through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), CaMKII/PP1 activation, and AMPAR insertion in a realistic spine geometry. Using this model, we show that i) variables in membrane voltage mediated Ca-influx, particularly the numb

• Many of the cellular processes

  2024-10-30

  

  Many of the cellular processes regulated by AKT activation are also controlled by other intracellular pathways such as the MAPK pathway, the PLCγ pathway, but also, directly or indirectly, by signaling pathways not linked to RTK transmembrane receptors, such as growth factor-linked signaling affecti

• The present study determined the effect of DCA

  2024-10-30

  

  The present study determined the effect of DCA on VSMC calcification in vitro and in atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. We found that 46619 non-toxic concentrations of DCA, did not affect VSMC viability, induced calcification of VSMC in culture and increased atherosclerotic vascular calcificatio

• The results of cell culture models were

  2024-10-30

  

  The results of cell culture models were further supported by in vivo studies in mice treated with PXR and/or AhR agonists, PCN and β-NF. In these mice, AhR-regulated cyp1a1, and cyp1a2 were suppressed by PXR activation as determined by real time Q-PCR (Fig. 3). The level of PXR mRNA was not changed

• br Conclusion The HT receptor family is complex and one

  2024-10-30

  

  Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless (-)-Bicuculline methiodide (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function); m

• In addition to the above mentioned synaptic mechanisms the

  2024-10-30

  

  In addition to the above-mentioned synaptic mechanisms, the serotonergic system also has a critical role in the antidepressant effects of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists. Indeed, we previously reported that mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists increased the firing rate of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe

• In the late s Solvay Pharmaceuticals discontinued the Phase

  2024-10-30

  

  In the late ‘90s, Solvay Pharmaceuticals discontinued the Phase 2 development of a promising potent and highly selective A1AR antagonist based on the pyrrolopyrimidine scaffold, SLV320 [43] (2, Chart 1, also named derenofylline; Ki hA1AR = 1 nM), for the treatment of acute heart failure [24]. In the

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2024-10-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Cdc42 has been implicated in mediating the entry of HCV into hepatocytes, but how Cdc42 affects the response of HCV patients to IFN therapy is unknown. This study therefore examined the genetic association between Cdc42-related genes and efficacy of

• Solasodine The discovery of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin in

  2024-10-29

  

  The discovery of acetylsalicylic Solasodine (aspirin) in 1897 paved the way for the development of classical NSAIDs as first-line therapeutics for anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic therapy. Large efforts have been made in the following decades to improve the efficacy and in particular s

• The introduction of a pyrazole moiety into any

  2024-10-29

  

  The introduction of a pyrazole moiety into any position of the sterane core by cross-coupling reactions [13] or by Knorr construction from a CCC bis-electrophilic sterane precursor and an N,N binucleophile building block [17], [19] may serve as an example. Very few reports are to be found, however,

• A role for YAP in mediating resistance

  2024-10-29

  

  A role for YAP in mediating resistance to EGFR inhibition has also been described [28], [29]. In line with these evidences, we observed increased YAP activation in all the generated EGFR TKI–resistant cells, testified by decreased phosphorylation on the inhibitory serine 127, enhanced nuclear locali

• Our sample is representative of

  2024-10-29

  

  Our sample is representative of mRCC treated with sunitinib. However, the results from CCC setting have limited inference due to small exploratory sample (n = 51). Additionally, the significance of survival differences in CCC according to AXL staining is tangential. Unfortunately, we were unable to

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