• targeted therapy Tipifarnib br Acknowledgements br Introduct

  2024-12-12

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Autoantibodies directed at neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels are pathogenic and/or biomarkers in several autoimmune neurological diseases [1]. For example, autoantibodies directed against voltage-gated potassium channels, the P/Q-type (α1A) voltage-gated

• The acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitor tacrine THA

  2024-12-12

  

  The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, tacrine (THA), exerts neuroprotective effects in time- and does-dependent manners against glutamate neurotoxicity (Takada-Takatori et al., 2006a, 2006b) and amyloid-β protein toxicity in PC12, a pheochromocytoma line (Wang et al., 2002; Xiao et al., 2000).

• The lanthanide series of chemical elements comprises the

  2024-12-12

  

  The lanthanide series of chemical elements comprises the fifteen metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum to lutetium. Though originally described as ‘‘rare earths’’ because of their natural occurrence as metal oxides, they are not particularly rare. The lanthanid

• The syntheses of a and b are

  2024-12-12

  

  The syntheses of 27a and 27b are shown in Scheme 5. Substituted naphthalene 21c was brominated using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) to yield 25, which was subjected to lactam cyclization to form 26a and 26b, respectively. Deprotections of each Fumagillin recep

• pp3 br Autophagy and cell death pathways

  2024-12-12

  

  Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic pp3 injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in morphology an

• br Autophagy in cancer br Phytochemicals

  2024-12-12

  

  Autophagy in cancer Phytochemicals as a valuable source of autophagy modulation agents Epidemiological studies demonstrated that there is a strong association between diet and human cancer mortality so that daily consumption of phytochemicals declines the incidence of different types of cancer

• br Results br Discussion Context specific and dynamic post t

  2024-12-11

  

  Results Discussion Context-specific and dynamic post-translational protein modifications are well-established regulators of the signaling pathways that protect eukaryotic DNA integrity during the tremendous task of replication. Advancements in speed, resolution, and sensitivity of MS-based tec

• It is well known that

  2024-12-11

  

  It is well-known that neurosteroids such as testosterone and their metabolites endogenously modulate neural excitability in animals and humans. Testosterone has protective effects against seizures induced by KA and PTZ (Frye et al., 2001b; Reddy, 2004b). Estrogens, on the other hand, have proconvuls

• In view of the ubiquitous distribution

  2024-12-11

  

  In view of the ubiquitous distribution of the arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase isoforms and the variety of cellular reactions influenced by the resulting arachidonate metabolites, these products widely play important roles in many biological systems. The development of new type-specific inhibitors of t

• Targeted disruption of the Akt gene in mice

  2024-12-11

  

  Targeted disruption of the Akt1 gene in mice induces a growth retardation phenotype [4,19]. Akt2 KO mice reveal mild growth retardation and insulin resistance [4,20,21]. Akt1/2 double KO (DKO) mice display severe growth deficiency and die shortly after birth. These mice exhibit impaired bone and ski

• C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (human, rat, swine) Notabl

  2024-12-11

  

  Notably, both circulating adiponectin and adipsin were equally diminished by about 50% in Arfrp1 mice consistent with several studies reporting overlapping trafficking routes for their secretion from 3T3-L1 C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (human, rat, swine) which was strikingly inhibited upon ab

• br Expression of ADK in

  2024-12-10

  

  Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult brain, ADK is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult rat and mouse phospholipase a2 inhibitor revealed predominant astrocytic expression throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Two isoforms of ADK have been identified

• Although ASD is considered one of the most

  2024-12-10

  

  Although ASD is considered one of the most heritable neurodevelopmental disorders (El-Fishawy & State, 2010; Geschwind, 2011) and majority of the research on ASD has focused on the genetics of the disorders (Autism Genome Project, C, 2007; Buxbaum & Hof, 2011), single causative gene anomalies accoun

• br Methods and results ACE is a Canadian satellite

  2024-12-10

  

  Methods and results ACE is a Canadian satellite mission [7] that measures atmospheric dgat inhibitor spectra in the limb geometry using the Sun as a light source (solar occultation). The ACE orbit (74° inclination to the equator, 650 km altitude) concentrates measurements at high latitudes but a

• leukotriene b4 Apelin is a peptide hormone

  2024-12-10

  

  Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ [7], [8], and apelin and APJ are widely expressed in human organs including hypothalamus, heart, lungs, kidneys, adipose tissue, muscles, and others [9]. Apelin is initially synthesized as a 77-amino-acid

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